Conditional Sentence

 

Definition:

Conditional sentence is a sentence that express a wish, hope, plan that may be possible, unreal or contrary to the fact, or impossible. Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses.

Types:
1.  REAL CONDITIONAL SENTENCES/CONDITIONAL TYPE ONE 

(IF + THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE + THE FUTURE TENSE)

Real conditional sentences adalah kalimat yang akan terjadi atau tidak akan terjadi (mungkin terjadi) tergantung pada suatu kondisi atau keadaan.

CONTOH:
Conditional sentences which may or may not happen (kalimat ‘conditional’ yang mungkin terjadi dan mungkin juga tidak terjadi)

• If it rains, I will not go
• If you insist, he will let you have it
• If she loves you, she will be happy for you.
• If I find her address, I will send her an invitation.
• If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.
• If I go to my friend's house for dinner tonight, I will take a bottle of wine or some flowers.
• When I have a day off from work, I am going to go to the beach.
• If the weather is nice, she is going to walk to work.
• I am going to read if there is nothing on TV.
• If you call me, I will give you the address.

Kalimat utama di atas akan terjadi jika kondisi dalam If-clause terpenuhi. Kalau kondisi pada If-clause tidak terpenuhi, maka main clause-nya tidak akan terjadi.
   

2.  UNREAL CONDITIONAL SENTENCES IN THE PRESENT/CONDITIONAL TYPE TWO 

(IF + THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE + THE PAST FUTURE TENSE)

"Unreal Conditional Sentences in the present" adalah kalimat yang tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan yang ada sekarang di hadapan kita.

CONTOH:
Conditional sentences which is contrary to the fact at present (kalimat ‘conditional’ yang bertolak belakang dengan kenyataan saat ini)

• If I were in town, I would go. (I am not in town)
• If I took the plane, I would get there fast. (I don’t take the plane)
• If I knew, I would tell you. (I don’t know)
• If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
• If I had a lot of money, I wouldn’t stay here.
• If I were you, I would not do this. 
• If I were a dove, I would fly around the world.
• If I were him, I would accept Dona as my secretary.
• If  were a milionare, I would donate my money to charity.
• If I had much money, I would buy an island for my parents. 

 

3. UNREAL CONDITIONAL SENTENCES IN THE PAST 

(IF + THE PAST PERFECT TENSE, + THE PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE)

"Unreal conditional sentence in the past" adalah kalimat yang tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan yang terjadi di masa lampau.

CONTOH:

• If I had known it, I would have told you.
• If you had told me, I would have defended you.
• If she hadn’t come late, She would have defended you.
• If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
• If I hadn’t studied, I wouldn’t have passed my exams.
• If I had owned a car, I would have driven to work.
• She would have traveled around the world if she had had more money.
• I would have read more as a child if I hadn't watched so much TV.
• If I had been bored, I would have been gone home earlier.  
• If Jack had worked harder, he would have earned more money.